Ryff and Keyes propose a six-dimensional model of psychological well-being, including Autonomy, Environmental Mastery, Personal Growth, Positive Relations With Others, Purpose in Life, and Self-Acceptance. This model was tested with data from a nationally representative sample of 1,108 adults aged 25 and older. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the six-factor model, which had a single second-order super factor. The model fit the data better than single-factor and other artifactual models. Age and sex differences on the well-being dimensions were consistent with prior findings. Women scored higher than men on Positive Relations With Others and Personal Growth. The model was compared with other indicators of well-being, such as positive and negative affect, life satisfaction, and depression. The six-factor model showed stronger associations with Self-Acceptance and Environmental Mastery than other indicators. The study highlights the need for theory-based models of well-being, as previous indicators have been used without critical evaluation. The six dimensions of well-being encompass a broad range of positive functioning, including self-acceptance, environmental mastery, purpose in life, positive relations with others, personal growth, and autonomy. The study also found that age profiles varied across dimensions, with some showing decremental trends and others showing incremental trends. The findings suggest that well-being is a multidimensional construct that requires further investigation. The study underscores the importance of considering multiple perspectives in understanding well-being, including theoretical, empirical, and philosophical approaches. The results indicate that well-being is not solely about happiness and life satisfaction, but also includes aspects such as purpose, growth, and self-determination. The study calls for further research to explore the structure and dimensions of well-being, as well as the factors that influence it.Ryff and Keyes propose a six-dimensional model of psychological well-being, including Autonomy, Environmental Mastery, Personal Growth, Positive Relations With Others, Purpose in Life, and Self-Acceptance. This model was tested with data from a nationally representative sample of 1,108 adults aged 25 and older. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the six-factor model, which had a single second-order super factor. The model fit the data better than single-factor and other artifactual models. Age and sex differences on the well-being dimensions were consistent with prior findings. Women scored higher than men on Positive Relations With Others and Personal Growth. The model was compared with other indicators of well-being, such as positive and negative affect, life satisfaction, and depression. The six-factor model showed stronger associations with Self-Acceptance and Environmental Mastery than other indicators. The study highlights the need for theory-based models of well-being, as previous indicators have been used without critical evaluation. The six dimensions of well-being encompass a broad range of positive functioning, including self-acceptance, environmental mastery, purpose in life, positive relations with others, personal growth, and autonomy. The study also found that age profiles varied across dimensions, with some showing decremental trends and others showing incremental trends. The findings suggest that well-being is a multidimensional construct that requires further investigation. The study underscores the importance of considering multiple perspectives in understanding well-being, including theoretical, empirical, and philosophical approaches. The results indicate that well-being is not solely about happiness and life satisfaction, but also includes aspects such as purpose, growth, and self-determination. The study calls for further research to explore the structure and dimensions of well-being, as well as the factors that influence it.