The study revisits the structure of psychological well-being, testing a theoretical model that includes six distinct dimensions: Autonomy, Environmental Mastery, Personal Growth, Positive Relations With Others, Purpose in Life, and Self-Acceptance. Data from a nationally representative sample of 1,108 adults aged 25 and older were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis. The results supported the proposed multidimensional model, which included a single second-order super factor. Age and sex differences on the well-being dimensions were consistent with previous findings. Comparisons with other indicators of well-being, such as positive and negative affect and life satisfaction, revealed that these measures neglect key aspects of positive functioning emphasized in health and well-being theories. The study highlights the need for a more comprehensive understanding of psychological well-being, emphasizing the importance of various dimensions beyond happiness and life satisfaction.The study revisits the structure of psychological well-being, testing a theoretical model that includes six distinct dimensions: Autonomy, Environmental Mastery, Personal Growth, Positive Relations With Others, Purpose in Life, and Self-Acceptance. Data from a nationally representative sample of 1,108 adults aged 25 and older were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis. The results supported the proposed multidimensional model, which included a single second-order super factor. Age and sex differences on the well-being dimensions were consistent with previous findings. Comparisons with other indicators of well-being, such as positive and negative affect and life satisfaction, revealed that these measures neglect key aspects of positive functioning emphasized in health and well-being theories. The study highlights the need for a more comprehensive understanding of psychological well-being, emphasizing the importance of various dimensions beyond happiness and life satisfaction.