The Theory of Communicative Action by Jürgen Habermas is a major work that aims to develop a concept of rationality free from subjectivist and individualist assumptions that have dominated modern philosophy and social theory. It also seeks to develop a concept of society in two levels, integrating the paradigms of system and lifeworld. Finally, it aims to provide a critical theory of modernity, highlighting its deficiencies and pathologies, in order to suggest new directions for modernism rather than rejecting it outright. Habermas reconstructs the ideas of classical social theorists, including Weber, Durkheim, Mead, Marx, Lukacs, Horkheimer, Adorno, and Parsons, engaging in a virtual debate with them to surpass their ideas. He argues that a proper theory of society must integrate methods and problems previously divided between philosophy and empirical social science. Habermas challenges the Cartesian paradigm of the solitary thinker, which dominated modern thought, and shows how the social and historical nature of consciousness was later challenged by Hegel, Marx, Darwin, Nietzsche, and Freud. The result was a "desublimation" of the spirit and a consequent deauthorization of philosophy. However, the Cartesian paradigm resurfaces in the 20th century, leading to a decline of the consciousness paradigm. Habermas responds by shifting to the language paradigm and constructing a theory of communicative action, based on the idea that human species reproduction requires the conditions of an inherent rationality in communicative action, as socially coordinated human activities are maintained through communication. Habermas shifts attention to the communicative dimension of action, emphasizing the role of language in social relations. He argues that communicative action is the only path to rationalism and the only way to overcome conservative tendencies in thought. The Theory of Communicative Action is a systematic work that is currently being discussed by experts in various fields. Its importance for organizational analysis is unquestionable, and although few applications exist in texts and theses, efforts in this direction are increasing. It is a vigorous thought that needs to be known and discussed in our educational and research institutions.The Theory of Communicative Action by Jürgen Habermas is a major work that aims to develop a concept of rationality free from subjectivist and individualist assumptions that have dominated modern philosophy and social theory. It also seeks to develop a concept of society in two levels, integrating the paradigms of system and lifeworld. Finally, it aims to provide a critical theory of modernity, highlighting its deficiencies and pathologies, in order to suggest new directions for modernism rather than rejecting it outright. Habermas reconstructs the ideas of classical social theorists, including Weber, Durkheim, Mead, Marx, Lukacs, Horkheimer, Adorno, and Parsons, engaging in a virtual debate with them to surpass their ideas. He argues that a proper theory of society must integrate methods and problems previously divided between philosophy and empirical social science. Habermas challenges the Cartesian paradigm of the solitary thinker, which dominated modern thought, and shows how the social and historical nature of consciousness was later challenged by Hegel, Marx, Darwin, Nietzsche, and Freud. The result was a "desublimation" of the spirit and a consequent deauthorization of philosophy. However, the Cartesian paradigm resurfaces in the 20th century, leading to a decline of the consciousness paradigm. Habermas responds by shifting to the language paradigm and constructing a theory of communicative action, based on the idea that human species reproduction requires the conditions of an inherent rationality in communicative action, as socially coordinated human activities are maintained through communication. Habermas shifts attention to the communicative dimension of action, emphasizing the role of language in social relations. He argues that communicative action is the only path to rationalism and the only way to overcome conservative tendencies in thought. The Theory of Communicative Action is a systematic work that is currently being discussed by experts in various fields. Its importance for organizational analysis is unquestionable, and although few applications exist in texts and theses, efforts in this direction are increasing. It is a vigorous thought that needs to be known and discussed in our educational and research institutions.