This study investigates the radiation shielding properties of MgO-PbO-B₂O₃-SiO₂-BaO glass systems prepared using the melt quenching method. The glass series, composed of 5MgO-20PbO-10SiO₂-(65-x)B₂O₃-xBaO (x = 10, 15, 20, 25 mol%), was analyzed for their mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) in the 0.122–1.485 MeV energy range. The results showed a clear relationship between MAC and energy at low energies, with the highest MAC observed at 0.122 MeV. At high energies, the influence of BaO on MAC diminished significantly. The linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) were also evaluated, revealing a direct relationship between LAC and glass density. The glass with the composition 5MgO-20PbO-40 B₂O₃-10SiO₂-25BaO exhibited the most desirable shielding properties. The study also found that increasing the amount of BaO in the glass decreased the total factor (TF), indicating that BaO plays a crucial role in enhancing radiation shielding. The research uses computational methods, such as Phy-X software, to quantitatively analyze the radiation-shielding characteristics of the glass systems, providing insights into their structural and compositional relationships. This study contributes to the development of advanced materials for radiation shielding in various applications, including aerospace, medical devices, and optics.This study investigates the radiation shielding properties of MgO-PbO-B₂O₃-SiO₂-BaO glass systems prepared using the melt quenching method. The glass series, composed of 5MgO-20PbO-10SiO₂-(65-x)B₂O₃-xBaO (x = 10, 15, 20, 25 mol%), was analyzed for their mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) in the 0.122–1.485 MeV energy range. The results showed a clear relationship between MAC and energy at low energies, with the highest MAC observed at 0.122 MeV. At high energies, the influence of BaO on MAC diminished significantly. The linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) were also evaluated, revealing a direct relationship between LAC and glass density. The glass with the composition 5MgO-20PbO-40 B₂O₃-10SiO₂-25BaO exhibited the most desirable shielding properties. The study also found that increasing the amount of BaO in the glass decreased the total factor (TF), indicating that BaO plays a crucial role in enhancing radiation shielding. The research uses computational methods, such as Phy-X software, to quantitatively analyze the radiation-shielding characteristics of the glass systems, providing insights into their structural and compositional relationships. This study contributes to the development of advanced materials for radiation shielding in various applications, including aerospace, medical devices, and optics.