A glass series composed of 5MgO-20PbO-10SiO₂-(65-x)B₂O₃-xBaO (x=10, 15, 20, 25 mol%) was prepared using the melt quenching method. The radiation shielding properties of the glasses were evaluated using Phy-X software. The mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) were measured in the 0.122–1.485 MeV energy range, showing a clear relationship between MAC and energy at low energies, with a MAC difference of 0.054 cm²/g between the lowest and highest BaO-content glasses. At high energies, the influence of BaO on MAC diminished, with a minimal difference of 0.001 cm²/g. The linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) were found to be directly related to the glass density. At 0.245 MeV, the LAC values were 1.425, 1.486, 1.546, and 1.607 cm⁻¹ at respective densities of 4.275, 4.438, 4.601, and 4.764 g/cm³. The glass with composition 5MgO-20PbO-40B₂O₃-10SiO₂-25BaO showed the most desirable shielding properties. The study also observed a decrease in the TF with increasing BaO content, indicating that BaO plays an important role in enhancing the glasses' radiation shielding ability. The research aimed to explore the efficacy of the MgO-PbO-B₂O₃-SiO₂-BaO glass system in shielding against ionizing radiation. The study used computational methods to analyze the radiation-shielding characteristics of the glasses. Comparative analysis of the glasses' properties with other glass compositions was conducted to evaluate their efficacy. The study also aimed to determine the practical implications of the MgO-PbO-B₂O₃-SiO₂-BaO glass system in medical, nuclear, and space applications. The research contributes to the development of advanced materials for radiation shielding by examining the relationship between the glass system's composition, radiation shielding ability, and structure. Future research will focus on addressing concerns regarding radiation exposure and leakage through practical experiments and computational techniques. The study prepared new glasses with the chemical formula 5MgO-20PbO-10SiO₂-(65-x)B₂O₃-xBaO (x=10, 15, 20, 25 mol%) and investigated their radiation shielding ability.A glass series composed of 5MgO-20PbO-10SiO₂-(65-x)B₂O₃-xBaO (x=10, 15, 20, 25 mol%) was prepared using the melt quenching method. The radiation shielding properties of the glasses were evaluated using Phy-X software. The mass attenuation coefficients (MAC) were measured in the 0.122–1.485 MeV energy range, showing a clear relationship between MAC and energy at low energies, with a MAC difference of 0.054 cm²/g between the lowest and highest BaO-content glasses. At high energies, the influence of BaO on MAC diminished, with a minimal difference of 0.001 cm²/g. The linear attenuation coefficients (LAC) were found to be directly related to the glass density. At 0.245 MeV, the LAC values were 1.425, 1.486, 1.546, and 1.607 cm⁻¹ at respective densities of 4.275, 4.438, 4.601, and 4.764 g/cm³. The glass with composition 5MgO-20PbO-40B₂O₃-10SiO₂-25BaO showed the most desirable shielding properties. The study also observed a decrease in the TF with increasing BaO content, indicating that BaO plays an important role in enhancing the glasses' radiation shielding ability. The research aimed to explore the efficacy of the MgO-PbO-B₂O₃-SiO₂-BaO glass system in shielding against ionizing radiation. The study used computational methods to analyze the radiation-shielding characteristics of the glasses. Comparative analysis of the glasses' properties with other glass compositions was conducted to evaluate their efficacy. The study also aimed to determine the practical implications of the MgO-PbO-B₂O₃-SiO₂-BaO glass system in medical, nuclear, and space applications. The research contributes to the development of advanced materials for radiation shielding by examining the relationship between the glass system's composition, radiation shielding ability, and structure. Future research will focus on addressing concerns regarding radiation exposure and leakage through practical experiments and computational techniques. The study prepared new glasses with the chemical formula 5MgO-20PbO-10SiO₂-(65-x)B₂O₃-xBaO (x=10, 15, 20, 25 mol%) and investigated their radiation shielding ability.