Three-dimensional optical holography using a plasmonic metasurface

Three-dimensional optical holography using a plasmonic metasurface

15 Nov 2013 | Lingling Huang, Xianzhong Chen, Holger Mühlenbernd, Hao Zhang, Shumei Chen, Benfeng Bai, Qiaofeng Tan, Guofan Jin, Kok-Wai Cheah, Cheng-Wei Qiu, Jensen Li, Thomas Zentgraf & Shuang Zhang
This article presents a method for achieving three-dimensional (3D) optical holography using a plasmonic metasurface. The metasurface is composed of subwavelength metallic nanorods with spatially varying orientations, which enable the control of light propagation through an abrupt interfacial phase discontinuity. The phase discontinuity occurs when the helicity of incident circularly polarized light is reversed. The orientation of the nanorods allows for continuous phase control in each unit cell, enabling the creation of high-resolution 3D holograms with a wide field of view. The method eliminates the undesired effect of multiple diffraction orders typically associated with holography. The metasurface is designed to generate a continuous local phase profile for circularly polarized light, which is essential for reconstructing 3D images. The hologram is created by encoding the phase information into the orientation of the nanorods. This approach is simple and robust against fabrication tolerances and variations in metal properties. The metasurface's ability to control the spatial phase profile at the subwavelength scale allows for the enhancement of the angular range of perspective for digital holograms and the space-bandwidth product of holographic systems. The study demonstrates the successful reconstruction of 3D images using a plasmonic metasurface. The hologram is fabricated using electron beam lithography and consists of metallic nanorods. The 3D object is approximated as a collection of point sources, and the hologram is designed using a computer-generated hologram (CGH) algorithm. The hologram is reconstructed without the need for a reference beam, and the image quality is maintained by eliminating the amplitude information. The metasurface's dispersionless nature allows for broadband operation without sacrificing image quality. The results show that the metasurface can produce high-resolution 3D images with a wide field of view. The hologram is tested with various objects, including a solid jet model and a five-turn hollow helix pattern. The results demonstrate the ability to achieve different perspective views of the 3D image by tuning the object plane along the z-direction. The metasurface also enables the generation of virtual holographic images on the opposite side of the sample when the polarization of the incident and transmitted light is reversed. The study highlights the advantages of using plasmonic metasurfaces for 3D holography, including subwavelength pixel sizes, continuous phase control, and the elimination of multiple diffraction orders. The method provides a simple and effective solution for achieving high-resolution 3D holograms with a wide field of view. The results demonstrate the potential of plasmonic metasurfaces for applications in high-resolution holographic data storage, optical information processing, and other holography-based techniques.This article presents a method for achieving three-dimensional (3D) optical holography using a plasmonic metasurface. The metasurface is composed of subwavelength metallic nanorods with spatially varying orientations, which enable the control of light propagation through an abrupt interfacial phase discontinuity. The phase discontinuity occurs when the helicity of incident circularly polarized light is reversed. The orientation of the nanorods allows for continuous phase control in each unit cell, enabling the creation of high-resolution 3D holograms with a wide field of view. The method eliminates the undesired effect of multiple diffraction orders typically associated with holography. The metasurface is designed to generate a continuous local phase profile for circularly polarized light, which is essential for reconstructing 3D images. The hologram is created by encoding the phase information into the orientation of the nanorods. This approach is simple and robust against fabrication tolerances and variations in metal properties. The metasurface's ability to control the spatial phase profile at the subwavelength scale allows for the enhancement of the angular range of perspective for digital holograms and the space-bandwidth product of holographic systems. The study demonstrates the successful reconstruction of 3D images using a plasmonic metasurface. The hologram is fabricated using electron beam lithography and consists of metallic nanorods. The 3D object is approximated as a collection of point sources, and the hologram is designed using a computer-generated hologram (CGH) algorithm. The hologram is reconstructed without the need for a reference beam, and the image quality is maintained by eliminating the amplitude information. The metasurface's dispersionless nature allows for broadband operation without sacrificing image quality. The results show that the metasurface can produce high-resolution 3D images with a wide field of view. The hologram is tested with various objects, including a solid jet model and a five-turn hollow helix pattern. The results demonstrate the ability to achieve different perspective views of the 3D image by tuning the object plane along the z-direction. The metasurface also enables the generation of virtual holographic images on the opposite side of the sample when the polarization of the incident and transmitted light is reversed. The study highlights the advantages of using plasmonic metasurfaces for 3D holography, including subwavelength pixel sizes, continuous phase control, and the elimination of multiple diffraction orders. The method provides a simple and effective solution for achieving high-resolution 3D holograms with a wide field of view. The results demonstrate the potential of plasmonic metasurfaces for applications in high-resolution holographic data storage, optical information processing, and other holography-based techniques.
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Understanding Three-dimensional optical holography using a plasmonic metasurface