The article "Toward a Comparative Sociology of Valuation and Evaluation" by Michèle Lamont reviews recent research in the sociology of valuation and evaluation (SVE), focusing on how value is produced, diffused, assessed, and institutionalized across various settings. It discusses the importance of understanding valuation and evaluation processes in the context of social processes, cultural practices, and institutional structures. The article highlights the need for a comparative approach to SVE to better understand the dynamics of multiple hierarchies of worth or systems of evaluation, known as heterarchies. It emphasizes the role of categorization and legitimation in valuation processes, as well as the influence of cultural and institutional factors on the evaluation of social worth. The article also explores the impact of neoliberalism and market fundamentalism on the evaluation of social worth and the increasing importance of institutional logics in shaping evaluation practices. It discusses the role of peer review and other evaluative practices in shaping the value of academic and artistic works, and the influence of non-human supports and technologies in evaluation processes. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for a more integrated and comparative approach to SVE to better understand the complex dynamics of valuation and evaluation in contemporary societies.The article "Toward a Comparative Sociology of Valuation and Evaluation" by Michèle Lamont reviews recent research in the sociology of valuation and evaluation (SVE), focusing on how value is produced, diffused, assessed, and institutionalized across various settings. It discusses the importance of understanding valuation and evaluation processes in the context of social processes, cultural practices, and institutional structures. The article highlights the need for a comparative approach to SVE to better understand the dynamics of multiple hierarchies of worth or systems of evaluation, known as heterarchies. It emphasizes the role of categorization and legitimation in valuation processes, as well as the influence of cultural and institutional factors on the evaluation of social worth. The article also explores the impact of neoliberalism and market fundamentalism on the evaluation of social worth and the increasing importance of institutional logics in shaping evaluation practices. It discusses the role of peer review and other evaluative practices in shaping the value of academic and artistic works, and the influence of non-human supports and technologies in evaluation processes. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for a more integrated and comparative approach to SVE to better understand the complex dynamics of valuation and evaluation in contemporary societies.