This review explores the advancements and challenges in HIV/AIDS treatment beyond antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART, while effective, has limitations such as side effects, drug resistance, and access issues, highlighting the need for novel treatment approaches. The review covers established alternative treatments, including stem cell transplantation, immunotherapy, gene therapy, latency reversal agents, and pharmaceutical vaccinations. Gene therapy aims to alter cellular resistance to HIV and target HIV-positive cells, while immunotherapy seeks to strengthen the immune system's ability to combat HIV. Latency reversal agents break viral latency and make infected cells vulnerable to destruction. Pharmaceutical vaccines improve immune responses against HIV. The review emphasizes the importance of ongoing research and innovation to overcome current barriers and achieve a successful HIV/AIDS treatment. Despite progress, significant work remains to address access, long-term complications, and viral reservoirs to end the HIV/AIDS pandemic.This review explores the advancements and challenges in HIV/AIDS treatment beyond antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART, while effective, has limitations such as side effects, drug resistance, and access issues, highlighting the need for novel treatment approaches. The review covers established alternative treatments, including stem cell transplantation, immunotherapy, gene therapy, latency reversal agents, and pharmaceutical vaccinations. Gene therapy aims to alter cellular resistance to HIV and target HIV-positive cells, while immunotherapy seeks to strengthen the immune system's ability to combat HIV. Latency reversal agents break viral latency and make infected cells vulnerable to destruction. Pharmaceutical vaccines improve immune responses against HIV. The review emphasizes the importance of ongoing research and innovation to overcome current barriers and achieve a successful HIV/AIDS treatment. Despite progress, significant work remains to address access, long-term complications, and viral reservoirs to end the HIV/AIDS pandemic.