The article provides a comprehensive overview of wireless communication technologies, from foundational concepts to recent advancements, focusing on the evolution from 5G to 6G. It highlights the International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) vision for 2030 (IMT-2030), which includes three extensions of 5G capabilities (Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication [URLLC], Enhanced Mobile Broadband [eMBB], and Massive Machine Type Communication [mMTC]) and three new innovations (Ubiquitous connectivity, Integrated Sensing and Communication [ISAC], and AI-based network virtualization). The article discusses three major challenges in implementing 6G, such as spectrum allocation, global standardization, and security assurance. It also explores potential solutions, including the use of terahertz (THz) spectrum and Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) multiplexing for THz signal transmission. The article concludes by identifying research opportunities and future visions based on IMT-2030 recommendations, emphasizing the importance of collaboration among industry, academia, and standardization bodies to overcome the challenges and achieve the goals of 6G.The article provides a comprehensive overview of wireless communication technologies, from foundational concepts to recent advancements, focusing on the evolution from 5G to 6G. It highlights the International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) vision for 2030 (IMT-2030), which includes three extensions of 5G capabilities (Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication [URLLC], Enhanced Mobile Broadband [eMBB], and Massive Machine Type Communication [mMTC]) and three new innovations (Ubiquitous connectivity, Integrated Sensing and Communication [ISAC], and AI-based network virtualization). The article discusses three major challenges in implementing 6G, such as spectrum allocation, global standardization, and security assurance. It also explores potential solutions, including the use of terahertz (THz) spectrum and Orbital Angular Momentum (OAM) multiplexing for THz signal transmission. The article concludes by identifying research opportunities and future visions based on IMT-2030 recommendations, emphasizing the importance of collaboration among industry, academia, and standardization bodies to overcome the challenges and achieve the goals of 6G.