This paper proposes an evolutionary perspective on regional resilience, emphasizing the long-term ability of regions to develop new growth paths rather than just their capacity to accommodate shocks. The authors argue that history plays a crucial role in understanding how regions develop new growth paths, and that industrial, network, and institutional dimensions of resilience must be integrated. They explore the trade-off between adaptation and adaptability, suggesting that resilient regions can overcome this by leveraging their industrial, network, and institutional structures. The paper also discusses the importance of related and unrelated variety in the industrial structure, the role of knowledge networks, and the impact of institutional factors on regional resilience. The authors conclude by highlighting the need for a comprehensive, evolutionary approach to regional resilience that accounts for the complex and multi-dimensional nature of resilience.This paper proposes an evolutionary perspective on regional resilience, emphasizing the long-term ability of regions to develop new growth paths rather than just their capacity to accommodate shocks. The authors argue that history plays a crucial role in understanding how regions develop new growth paths, and that industrial, network, and institutional dimensions of resilience must be integrated. They explore the trade-off between adaptation and adaptability, suggesting that resilient regions can overcome this by leveraging their industrial, network, and institutional structures. The paper also discusses the importance of related and unrelated variety in the industrial structure, the role of knowledge networks, and the impact of institutional factors on regional resilience. The authors conclude by highlighting the need for a comprehensive, evolutionary approach to regional resilience that accounts for the complex and multi-dimensional nature of resilience.