Transient stimulated Raman scattering (T-SRS) is a time-domain technique that overcomes the fundamental trade-off between sensitivity and spectral resolution in conventional stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) imaging. T-SRS achieves natural-linewidth-limit spectral resolution by encoding vibrational oscillations into the stimulated Raman loss (SRL) signal using femtosecond pulse-pair sequences to generate vibrational wave packet interference. The resulting time-domain SRL signal is then Fourier-transformed to obtain high-resolution Raman spectra. T-SRS offers improved sensitivity, with typical Raman modes detectable at sub-mM levels, and enables hyperspectral imaging of live-cell metabolism and high-density multiplexed imaging with natural-linewidth-limit resolution. The method uses all-plane-mirror high-speed time-delay scanning to achieve fast and accurate spectral acquisition, preserving the natural linewidth limit and enabling high spectral resolution. T-SRS demonstrates excellent performance in live-cell imaging, allowing the visualization of proteins, lipids, and metabolic processes with high sensitivity and resolution. It also supports high-density barcoding with spectral resolution as fine as 12 cm⁻¹, enabling the identification of multiple targets with high accuracy. T-SRS is a promising tool for advanced Raman imaging, offering superior sensitivity, resolution, and compatibility with other nonlinear optical imaging techniques. The method has potential applications in biomedical research, including high-throughput screening and diagnosis. T-SRS is expected to advance the field of Raman imaging by enabling faster, more accurate, and more detailed chemical imaging.Transient stimulated Raman scattering (T-SRS) is a time-domain technique that overcomes the fundamental trade-off between sensitivity and spectral resolution in conventional stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) imaging. T-SRS achieves natural-linewidth-limit spectral resolution by encoding vibrational oscillations into the stimulated Raman loss (SRL) signal using femtosecond pulse-pair sequences to generate vibrational wave packet interference. The resulting time-domain SRL signal is then Fourier-transformed to obtain high-resolution Raman spectra. T-SRS offers improved sensitivity, with typical Raman modes detectable at sub-mM levels, and enables hyperspectral imaging of live-cell metabolism and high-density multiplexed imaging with natural-linewidth-limit resolution. The method uses all-plane-mirror high-speed time-delay scanning to achieve fast and accurate spectral acquisition, preserving the natural linewidth limit and enabling high spectral resolution. T-SRS demonstrates excellent performance in live-cell imaging, allowing the visualization of proteins, lipids, and metabolic processes with high sensitivity and resolution. It also supports high-density barcoding with spectral resolution as fine as 12 cm⁻¹, enabling the identification of multiple targets with high accuracy. T-SRS is a promising tool for advanced Raman imaging, offering superior sensitivity, resolution, and compatibility with other nonlinear optical imaging techniques. The method has potential applications in biomedical research, including high-throughput screening and diagnosis. T-SRS is expected to advance the field of Raman imaging by enabling faster, more accurate, and more detailed chemical imaging.