The American Heart Association has issued a scientific statement on triglycerides and cardiovascular disease, emphasizing their role in CVD risk assessment and management. The statement highlights the increasing prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia in the U.S., with 31% of adults having triglyceride levels ≥150 mg/dL. Mexican Americans have the highest rates, followed by non-Hispanic whites and blacks. Triglyceride levels have risen since 1976, coinciding with the obesity and diabetes epidemic. The statement reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and causes of hypertriglyceridemia, including familial disorders, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. It also discusses the atherogenicity of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), such as chylomicrons and VLDL, and their role in CVD risk. The statement emphasizes the importance of lifestyle interventions to lower triglycerides and improve cardiometabolic health. It also addresses the role of triglycerides in clinical trials and their association with CVD outcomes. The statement concludes with a discussion of genetic and metabolic factors, including the impact of obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and lipodystrophic disorders on triglyceride levels and CVD risk. The American Heart Association recommends further research to better understand the role of triglycerides in CVD risk assessment and management.The American Heart Association has issued a scientific statement on triglycerides and cardiovascular disease, emphasizing their role in CVD risk assessment and management. The statement highlights the increasing prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia in the U.S., with 31% of adults having triglyceride levels ≥150 mg/dL. Mexican Americans have the highest rates, followed by non-Hispanic whites and blacks. Triglyceride levels have risen since 1976, coinciding with the obesity and diabetes epidemic. The statement reviews the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and causes of hypertriglyceridemia, including familial disorders, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. It also discusses the atherogenicity of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs), such as chylomicrons and VLDL, and their role in CVD risk. The statement emphasizes the importance of lifestyle interventions to lower triglycerides and improve cardiometabolic health. It also addresses the role of triglycerides in clinical trials and their association with CVD outcomes. The statement concludes with a discussion of genetic and metabolic factors, including the impact of obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and lipodystrophic disorders on triglyceride levels and CVD risk. The American Heart Association recommends further research to better understand the role of triglycerides in CVD risk assessment and management.