The article reviews the role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cancer progression and their potential as therapeutic targets. TAMs play a dual role, promoting both tumor growth and metastasis while also contributing to the immunosuppressive microenvironment. They influence the effectiveness of cytoreductive therapies and immunotherapy, either by antagonizing antitumor activity or enhancing it. TAMs express checkpoint molecules that can be targeted by immunotherapy, and they can be re-educated to an antitumor M1-like phenotype. Therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs include blocking their recruitment and survival, reeducating them to an antitumor state, and using monoclonal antibodies to induce extracellular killing or phagocytosis of cancer cells. The article highlights the potential of TAM-centered therapies to complement and synergize with conventional treatments, such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy.The article reviews the role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in cancer progression and their potential as therapeutic targets. TAMs play a dual role, promoting both tumor growth and metastasis while also contributing to the immunosuppressive microenvironment. They influence the effectiveness of cytoreductive therapies and immunotherapy, either by antagonizing antitumor activity or enhancing it. TAMs express checkpoint molecules that can be targeted by immunotherapy, and they can be re-educated to an antitumor M1-like phenotype. Therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs include blocking their recruitment and survival, reeducating them to an antitumor state, and using monoclonal antibodies to induce extracellular killing or phagocytosis of cancer cells. The article highlights the potential of TAM-centered therapies to complement and synergize with conventional treatments, such as chemotherapy and immunotherapy.