14 May 2024 | Pratap Chandra Adak, Subhajit Sinha, Amit Agarwal, and Mandar M. Deshmukh
Tunable moiré materials have emerged as a powerful platform for exploring Berry physics and topology. These materials, formed by twisting or stacking 2D materials, enable dynamic tuning of electronic properties and Berry curvature distribution in momentum space. They offer access to large length scales and low energy scales, and provide unique opportunities due to symmetry-breaking mechanisms and electron correlations in flat bands. A variety of experimental techniques, including quantum electron transport and optical excitation, allow direct investigation of Berry physics. This review highlights recent experimental breakthroughs in topological physics, challenges, and future research directions in tunable moiré materials.
Moiré systems, such as twisted bilayer graphene, exhibit tunable topological bands and large Berry curvature, enabling the study of phenomena like the valley Hall effect, quantum anomalous Hall effect, and fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect. The twist angle and electric fields can tune the Chern number and valley Chern numbers, leading to novel topological states. Moiré materials also support non-linear Hall effects, Berry plasmons, and quantum metric-induced phenomena. The tunability of moiré materials allows for the engineering of Berry curvature hotspots and the exploration of quantum geometric effects. These materials provide a versatile platform for studying topological and correlated phenomena, with applications in quantum simulation, memory devices, and novel optoelectronic systems. The combination of tunable electronic properties and Berry curvature makes moiré materials a key platform for advancing our understanding of topological condensed matter physics.Tunable moiré materials have emerged as a powerful platform for exploring Berry physics and topology. These materials, formed by twisting or stacking 2D materials, enable dynamic tuning of electronic properties and Berry curvature distribution in momentum space. They offer access to large length scales and low energy scales, and provide unique opportunities due to symmetry-breaking mechanisms and electron correlations in flat bands. A variety of experimental techniques, including quantum electron transport and optical excitation, allow direct investigation of Berry physics. This review highlights recent experimental breakthroughs in topological physics, challenges, and future research directions in tunable moiré materials.
Moiré systems, such as twisted bilayer graphene, exhibit tunable topological bands and large Berry curvature, enabling the study of phenomena like the valley Hall effect, quantum anomalous Hall effect, and fractional quantum anomalous Hall effect. The twist angle and electric fields can tune the Chern number and valley Chern numbers, leading to novel topological states. Moiré materials also support non-linear Hall effects, Berry plasmons, and quantum metric-induced phenomena. The tunability of moiré materials allows for the engineering of Berry curvature hotspots and the exploration of quantum geometric effects. These materials provide a versatile platform for studying topological and correlated phenomena, with applications in quantum simulation, memory devices, and novel optoelectronic systems. The combination of tunable electronic properties and Berry curvature makes moiré materials a key platform for advancing our understanding of topological condensed matter physics.