This article reviews the recent advancements in the design and microfabrication of 2D-driven microscale electrodes for 3D-printed micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) and micro-batteries (MBs). The authors discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various microfabrication techniques such as stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, inkjet printing, and direct ink writing (DIW). They highlight key parameters that relate the characteristics of 2D materials to the extrusion-driven 3D printing process for the development of versatile and sustainable energy storage devices (EESDs). The article also covers the use of 2D materials for constructing microelectrodes in supercapacitors (EDLCs, pseudocapacitors, and hybrid capacitors) and batteries (Li-based systems, sodium-ion batteries, and zinc-ion batteries). Additionally, it addresses the challenges and future research opportunities in developing high-performance 2D materials-based EESDs. The review emphasizes the importance of 2D materials in enhancing the electrochemical performance of 3D-printed EESDs through their unique properties, such as high conductivity, large surface-to-volume ratio, and anisotropic characteristics. The article concludes by discussing the potential of 2D materials in advancing the field of sustainable and high-rated EESDs.This article reviews the recent advancements in the design and microfabrication of 2D-driven microscale electrodes for 3D-printed micro-supercapacitors (MSCs) and micro-batteries (MBs). The authors discuss the advantages and disadvantages of various microfabrication techniques such as stereolithography, fused deposition modeling, inkjet printing, and direct ink writing (DIW). They highlight key parameters that relate the characteristics of 2D materials to the extrusion-driven 3D printing process for the development of versatile and sustainable energy storage devices (EESDs). The article also covers the use of 2D materials for constructing microelectrodes in supercapacitors (EDLCs, pseudocapacitors, and hybrid capacitors) and batteries (Li-based systems, sodium-ion batteries, and zinc-ion batteries). Additionally, it addresses the challenges and future research opportunities in developing high-performance 2D materials-based EESDs. The review emphasizes the importance of 2D materials in enhancing the electrochemical performance of 3D-printed EESDs through their unique properties, such as high conductivity, large surface-to-volume ratio, and anisotropic characteristics. The article concludes by discussing the potential of 2D materials in advancing the field of sustainable and high-rated EESDs.