The article reviews the emerging field of two-dimensional (2D) material nanophotonics, focusing on the unique optical properties and applications of various 2D materials. These materials, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and black phosphorus, exhibit a wide range of electronic properties, from insulating to semiconducting to semi-metallic. The review discusses how these materials can be integrated with external photonic structures and their intrinsic polaritonic resonances to enhance light-matter interactions. Key topics include the photodetection capabilities of graphene, the optoelectronic properties of TMDCs, and the potential of black phosphorus as a bridge between zero-gap graphene and TMDCs. The article also explores the use of 2D materials in energy harvesting and photodetection through heterostructures, and the enhancement of light-matter interaction using photonic integration and polaritonic resonances. Overall, the review highlights the promise of 2D materials in advancing nanophotonics and optoelectronics across a broad electromagnetic spectrum.The article reviews the emerging field of two-dimensional (2D) material nanophotonics, focusing on the unique optical properties and applications of various 2D materials. These materials, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and black phosphorus, exhibit a wide range of electronic properties, from insulating to semiconducting to semi-metallic. The review discusses how these materials can be integrated with external photonic structures and their intrinsic polaritonic resonances to enhance light-matter interactions. Key topics include the photodetection capabilities of graphene, the optoelectronic properties of TMDCs, and the potential of black phosphorus as a bridge between zero-gap graphene and TMDCs. The article also explores the use of 2D materials in energy harvesting and photodetection through heterostructures, and the enhancement of light-matter interaction using photonic integration and polaritonic resonances. Overall, the review highlights the promise of 2D materials in advancing nanophotonics and optoelectronics across a broad electromagnetic spectrum.