URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW OF SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES IN THE USA

URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT: A REVIEW OF SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES IN THE USA

25-02-24 | Zamathula Queen Sikhakhane Nwokediegwu, Ejike David Ugwuanyi, Michael Ayorinde Dada, Michael Tega Majemite, & Alexander Obaigbena
This review explores sustainable urban water management practices in the United States, focusing on water efficiency, green infrastructure, climate resilience, and pollution mitigation. Urban areas face increasing water stress due to rapid urbanization and climate change, necessitating innovative solutions. Water efficiency measures include smart meters, sensor technologies, low-flow fixtures, and greywater recycling, supported by policy frameworks and public awareness campaigns. Green infrastructure, such as green roofs, permeable pavements, and bioswales, helps manage stormwater and improve water quality. Climate change resilience involves infrastructure improvements, integrated planning, and adaptive governance to withstand extreme weather events and sea-level rise. Pollution mitigation includes stormwater management, wastewater treatment, and regulatory measures to reduce contaminants in urban water systems. Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) emphasizes cross-sectoral coordination, stakeholder engagement, and adaptive policies to ensure sustainable water use. Challenges include regulatory hurdles, funding constraints, and the need for innovative financing. Opportunities lie in technological advancements, policy innovations, and nature-based solutions. The review highlights the importance of flexible regulations, incentive-based programs, and IWRM frameworks to promote sustainable urban water management. Future directions include climate-resilient policies, research into advanced technologies, and community engagement strategies to ensure resilient and equitable water systems. The findings underscore the need for collaborative efforts, informed policymaking, and innovative research to advance sustainable urban water management in the United States.This review explores sustainable urban water management practices in the United States, focusing on water efficiency, green infrastructure, climate resilience, and pollution mitigation. Urban areas face increasing water stress due to rapid urbanization and climate change, necessitating innovative solutions. Water efficiency measures include smart meters, sensor technologies, low-flow fixtures, and greywater recycling, supported by policy frameworks and public awareness campaigns. Green infrastructure, such as green roofs, permeable pavements, and bioswales, helps manage stormwater and improve water quality. Climate change resilience involves infrastructure improvements, integrated planning, and adaptive governance to withstand extreme weather events and sea-level rise. Pollution mitigation includes stormwater management, wastewater treatment, and regulatory measures to reduce contaminants in urban water systems. Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) emphasizes cross-sectoral coordination, stakeholder engagement, and adaptive policies to ensure sustainable water use. Challenges include regulatory hurdles, funding constraints, and the need for innovative financing. Opportunities lie in technological advancements, policy innovations, and nature-based solutions. The review highlights the importance of flexible regulations, incentive-based programs, and IWRM frameworks to promote sustainable urban water management. Future directions include climate-resilient policies, research into advanced technologies, and community engagement strategies to ensure resilient and equitable water systems. The findings underscore the need for collaborative efforts, informed policymaking, and innovative research to advance sustainable urban water management in the United States.
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