A light-activated biodegradable polymeric nanomotor based on bowl-shaped polymersomes (stomatocytes) has been developed. By attaching gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) to the surface of biodegradable stomatocytes via electrostatic and hydrogen bond interactions, the nanomotor achieves high-speed motion, reaching up to 125 μm s⁻¹. This motion is attributed to the non-uniform distribution of Au NPs along the z-axis, which creates a temperature gradient upon laser irradiation, leading to directional movement. The nanomotor's high speed and directional motion enable efficient intracellular delivery of cargo, such as FITC-BSA and Cy5-siRNA, into living cells. The study highlights the potential of these nanomotors in biomedical applications, including targeted drug delivery and enhanced tissue penetration. The nanomotor's biodegradability and controllable motion make it a promising candidate for future biomedical technologies. The research also demonstrates the importance of 3D structural analysis in understanding the motility of nanomotors, using cryo-TEM and cryo-ET to characterize the distribution of Au NPs and their impact on the nanomotor's performance. The results show that the unique design of the nanomotor, combined with the photothermal properties of Au NPs, enables efficient and rapid movement, making it a valuable tool for biomedical applications.A light-activated biodegradable polymeric nanomotor based on bowl-shaped polymersomes (stomatocytes) has been developed. By attaching gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) to the surface of biodegradable stomatocytes via electrostatic and hydrogen bond interactions, the nanomotor achieves high-speed motion, reaching up to 125 μm s⁻¹. This motion is attributed to the non-uniform distribution of Au NPs along the z-axis, which creates a temperature gradient upon laser irradiation, leading to directional movement. The nanomotor's high speed and directional motion enable efficient intracellular delivery of cargo, such as FITC-BSA and Cy5-siRNA, into living cells. The study highlights the potential of these nanomotors in biomedical applications, including targeted drug delivery and enhanced tissue penetration. The nanomotor's biodegradability and controllable motion make it a promising candidate for future biomedical technologies. The research also demonstrates the importance of 3D structural analysis in understanding the motility of nanomotors, using cryo-TEM and cryo-ET to characterize the distribution of Au NPs and their impact on the nanomotor's performance. The results show that the unique design of the nanomotor, combined with the photothermal properties of Au NPs, enables efficient and rapid movement, making it a valuable tool for biomedical applications.