This review discusses the ultrafast micro/nano-manufacturing of metastable materials for energy applications using the high-temperature shock (HTS) technique. HTS is a rapidly developing and advanced synthesis strategy that offers significant potential for the rational design and fabrication of high-quality nanocatalysts in an ultrafast, scalable, controllable, and eco-friendly manner. The review covers various metastable micro- and nanomaterials synthesized via HTS, including single metallic and bimetallic nanostructures, high entropy alloys (HEAs), metal compounds (e.g., metal oxides), and carbon nanomaterials. HTS provides a new research dimension for nanostructures, particularly in kinetic modulation. The application of HTS as supporting films for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grids in the structural engineering of 2D materials is also highlighted, which is crucial for the direct imaging of metastable materials. The review discusses the potential future applications of high-throughput and liquid-phase HTS strategies for non-equilibrium micro/nano-manufacturing beyond energy-related fields, emphasizing the emerging research field's potential to bring new opportunities to nanoscience and nanotechnology in both fundamental and practical aspects.This review discusses the ultrafast micro/nano-manufacturing of metastable materials for energy applications using the high-temperature shock (HTS) technique. HTS is a rapidly developing and advanced synthesis strategy that offers significant potential for the rational design and fabrication of high-quality nanocatalysts in an ultrafast, scalable, controllable, and eco-friendly manner. The review covers various metastable micro- and nanomaterials synthesized via HTS, including single metallic and bimetallic nanostructures, high entropy alloys (HEAs), metal compounds (e.g., metal oxides), and carbon nanomaterials. HTS provides a new research dimension for nanostructures, particularly in kinetic modulation. The application of HTS as supporting films for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) grids in the structural engineering of 2D materials is also highlighted, which is crucial for the direct imaging of metastable materials. The review discusses the potential future applications of high-throughput and liquid-phase HTS strategies for non-equilibrium micro/nano-manufacturing beyond energy-related fields, emphasizing the emerging research field's potential to bring new opportunities to nanoscience and nanotechnology in both fundamental and practical aspects.