Plastic additives, which are used in plastic manufacturing to enhance properties and reduce costs, can leach into the environment and pose significant risks to ecosystems. These additives, including plasticizers, flame retardants, stabilizers, and antioxidants, can release toxic substances when plastics degrade or are disposed of. The leaching of these additives can lead to contamination of soil, water, and air, affecting both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are particularly concerning as they can adsorb harmful chemicals, increasing their concentration in the environment and posing risks to organisms that ingest them. The study highlights the need for further research to understand the ecotoxicological impacts of plastic additives and their leaching processes. It also emphasizes the importance of developing effective methods for the removal or conversion of MPs and their additives to mitigate environmental pollution. The study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive research and policy measures to address the growing problem of plastic pollution and its effects on ecosystems.Plastic additives, which are used in plastic manufacturing to enhance properties and reduce costs, can leach into the environment and pose significant risks to ecosystems. These additives, including plasticizers, flame retardants, stabilizers, and antioxidants, can release toxic substances when plastics degrade or are disposed of. The leaching of these additives can lead to contamination of soil, water, and air, affecting both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are particularly concerning as they can adsorb harmful chemicals, increasing their concentration in the environment and posing risks to organisms that ingest them. The study highlights the need for further research to understand the ecotoxicological impacts of plastic additives and their leaching processes. It also emphasizes the importance of developing effective methods for the removal or conversion of MPs and their additives to mitigate environmental pollution. The study underscores the urgent need for comprehensive research and policy measures to address the growing problem of plastic pollution and its effects on ecosystems.