Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-invasive therapeutic approach that uses light to modulate cellular functions and biological processes. This review highlights the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and technological advancements in PBM, particularly in dermatology. PBM involves the use of light sources such as low-level lasers (LLL) and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to deliver therapeutic light. The review covers the interaction of light with cellular chromophores and the activation of intracellular signaling pathways. It also discusses the evidence from clinical trials and experimental studies on the efficacy of PBM in treating various dermatologic conditions, including acne, wound healing, skin rejuvenation, and scar reduction. Additionally, the review explores the role of PBM in addressing conditions secondary to oncology therapies, such as radiation dermatitis and mucositis, and its potential in treating hair disorders. The importance of light therapy in dermatology practice is emphasized, along with the versatility and safety profile of PBM. The review also delves into the molecular mechanisms of action, including the use of blue LED technology and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Finally, it compares the differences between laser and LED devices used in PBM and discusses the current applications of PBM in dermatology, such as acne treatment, photorejuvenation, and wound healing. Despite the need for further research to develop standardized protocols, PBM holds significant potential for enhancing patient outcomes in modern healthcare.Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a non-invasive therapeutic approach that uses light to modulate cellular functions and biological processes. This review highlights the mechanisms of action, clinical efficacy, and technological advancements in PBM, particularly in dermatology. PBM involves the use of light sources such as low-level lasers (LLL) and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) to deliver therapeutic light. The review covers the interaction of light with cellular chromophores and the activation of intracellular signaling pathways. It also discusses the evidence from clinical trials and experimental studies on the efficacy of PBM in treating various dermatologic conditions, including acne, wound healing, skin rejuvenation, and scar reduction. Additionally, the review explores the role of PBM in addressing conditions secondary to oncology therapies, such as radiation dermatitis and mucositis, and its potential in treating hair disorders. The importance of light therapy in dermatology practice is emphasized, along with the versatility and safety profile of PBM. The review also delves into the molecular mechanisms of action, including the use of blue LED technology and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Finally, it compares the differences between laser and LED devices used in PBM and discusses the current applications of PBM in dermatology, such as acne treatment, photorejuvenation, and wound healing. Despite the need for further research to develop standardized protocols, PBM holds significant potential for enhancing patient outcomes in modern healthcare.