This review article explores the pivotal role of the long non-coding RNA NEAT1 in lung cancer (LC), particularly in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NEAT1 is a prominent example of lncRNAs that exhibit significant expression in various cancer types, including LC. The article highlights NEAT1's unique subcellular localization and its active involvement in gene regulation and chromatin remodeling. NEAT1's impact on LC development and progression is discussed, including its effects on cell processes such as proliferation, migration, invasion, and resistance to therapy. The review also examines the complex regulatory interactions between NEAT1 and proteins and microRNAs, as well as the challenges in targeting it therapeutically. Finally, the article concludes by suggesting future research avenues and personalized LC therapies, emphasizing NEAT1's crucial role in LC.This review article explores the pivotal role of the long non-coding RNA NEAT1 in lung cancer (LC), particularly in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). NEAT1 is a prominent example of lncRNAs that exhibit significant expression in various cancer types, including LC. The article highlights NEAT1's unique subcellular localization and its active involvement in gene regulation and chromatin remodeling. NEAT1's impact on LC development and progression is discussed, including its effects on cell processes such as proliferation, migration, invasion, and resistance to therapy. The review also examines the complex regulatory interactions between NEAT1 and proteins and microRNAs, as well as the challenges in targeting it therapeutically. Finally, the article concludes by suggesting future research avenues and personalized LC therapies, emphasizing NEAT1's crucial role in LC.