This study investigates the coalescence mechanism of heterogeneous oil droplets under liquid flow perturbation, focusing on the effects of droplet number, size, and distance on coalescence. The research uses a model to study the coalescence process of multiple oil droplets and analyzes the completion time of coalescence under different conditions. Key findings include: 1. **Number of Oil Droplets**: The coalescence time is not significantly affected by the number of oil droplets under homogeneous conditions but varies under non-homogeneous conditions. 2. **Droplet Size**: Smaller droplets take longer to coalesce, especially when they reach the nanometer scale. Coalescence time is shorter under gravity compared to static conditions. 3. **Distance Between Droplets**: The coalescence time decreases with increasing liquid flow rate in laminar flow but increases in turbulent flow. 4. **Influence of Surfactants**: Adding surfactants increases the oil content in the emulsion system, which is influenced by the pumping flow rate but not significantly by the flow rate itself due to the stable emulsion structure. The study provides technical insights for effective crude oil storage and transportation, emphasizing the importance of understanding the coalescence mechanism under various conditions.This study investigates the coalescence mechanism of heterogeneous oil droplets under liquid flow perturbation, focusing on the effects of droplet number, size, and distance on coalescence. The research uses a model to study the coalescence process of multiple oil droplets and analyzes the completion time of coalescence under different conditions. Key findings include: 1. **Number of Oil Droplets**: The coalescence time is not significantly affected by the number of oil droplets under homogeneous conditions but varies under non-homogeneous conditions. 2. **Droplet Size**: Smaller droplets take longer to coalesce, especially when they reach the nanometer scale. Coalescence time is shorter under gravity compared to static conditions. 3. **Distance Between Droplets**: The coalescence time decreases with increasing liquid flow rate in laminar flow but increases in turbulent flow. 4. **Influence of Surfactants**: Adding surfactants increases the oil content in the emulsion system, which is influenced by the pumping flow rate but not significantly by the flow rate itself due to the stable emulsion structure. The study provides technical insights for effective crude oil storage and transportation, emphasizing the importance of understanding the coalescence mechanism under various conditions.