Unusual Sabatier principle on high entropy alloy catalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions

Unusual Sabatier principle on high entropy alloy catalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions

08 January 2024 | Zhi Wen Chen, Jian Li, Pengfei Ou, Jianan Erick Huang, Zi Wen, LiXin Chen, Xue Yao, GuangMing Cai, Chun Cheng Yang, Chandra Veer Singh & Qing Jiang
This study explores the unusual Sabatier principle on high entropy alloy (HEA) catalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). The Sabatier principle, traditionally used in heterogeneous catalysis, suggests that the optimal catalytic activity is located at the peak of a volcano plot, where the adsorbate binds neither too weakly nor too strongly. However, the researchers found that HEA catalysts can circumvent this principle by utilizing a Gaussian distribution of the adsorption free energy of hydrogen (ΔG_H*), allowing for enhanced catalytic performance. The study used density functional theory (DFT) calculations to show that the adsorption free energy of hydrogen on HEA surfaces follows a Gaussian distribution, with the mean (μ) and standard deviation (σ) of this distribution influencing the catalytic activity. A lower μ value (closer to 0 eV) and a higher σ value are associated with better catalytic performance. This unusual Sabatier principle was validated through the synthesis of a PtFeCoNiCu HEA catalyst, which exhibited a high catalytic performance for HER with an overpotential of 10.8 mV at -10 mA cm⁻² and four times higher intrinsic activity than the state-of-the-art Pt/C catalyst. The study also demonstrated that the unusual Sabatier principle can be extended to other catalytic reactions involving different adsorbates (C*, O*, and N*). The HEA catalysts were synthesized using a solvothermal reaction followed by thermal annealing, and their structural and electrochemical properties were characterized using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the HEA catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic performance for HER, with a high turnover frequency and stability. The study also demonstrated that the H* spillover phenomenon on HEA surfaces enhances the catalytic activity by allowing hydrogen to diffuse between different active sites. The findings suggest that HEA catalysts can achieve a breakthrough in catalytic performance by utilizing the unusual Sabatier principle, which could have significant implications for the development of more efficient catalysts for various chemical reactions.This study explores the unusual Sabatier principle on high entropy alloy (HEA) catalysts for hydrogen evolution reactions (HER). The Sabatier principle, traditionally used in heterogeneous catalysis, suggests that the optimal catalytic activity is located at the peak of a volcano plot, where the adsorbate binds neither too weakly nor too strongly. However, the researchers found that HEA catalysts can circumvent this principle by utilizing a Gaussian distribution of the adsorption free energy of hydrogen (ΔG_H*), allowing for enhanced catalytic performance. The study used density functional theory (DFT) calculations to show that the adsorption free energy of hydrogen on HEA surfaces follows a Gaussian distribution, with the mean (μ) and standard deviation (σ) of this distribution influencing the catalytic activity. A lower μ value (closer to 0 eV) and a higher σ value are associated with better catalytic performance. This unusual Sabatier principle was validated through the synthesis of a PtFeCoNiCu HEA catalyst, which exhibited a high catalytic performance for HER with an overpotential of 10.8 mV at -10 mA cm⁻² and four times higher intrinsic activity than the state-of-the-art Pt/C catalyst. The study also demonstrated that the unusual Sabatier principle can be extended to other catalytic reactions involving different adsorbates (C*, O*, and N*). The HEA catalysts were synthesized using a solvothermal reaction followed by thermal annealing, and their structural and electrochemical properties were characterized using various techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that the HEA catalysts exhibit excellent catalytic performance for HER, with a high turnover frequency and stability. The study also demonstrated that the H* spillover phenomenon on HEA surfaces enhances the catalytic activity by allowing hydrogen to diffuse between different active sites. The findings suggest that HEA catalysts can achieve a breakthrough in catalytic performance by utilizing the unusual Sabatier principle, which could have significant implications for the development of more efficient catalysts for various chemical reactions.
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