Unveiling clean two-dimensional discrete time quasicrystals on a digital quantum computer

Unveiling clean two-dimensional discrete time quasicrystals on a digital quantum computer

March 25, 2024 | Kazuya Shinjo, Kazuhiro Seki, Tomonori Shirakawa, Rong-Yang Sun, and Seiji Yunoki
This study reports the experimental realization of clean two-dimensional discrete time quasicrystals (DTQCs) on a digital quantum computer using the IBM Quantum Heron processor, ibm_torino, which contains 133 superconducting qubits arranged on a heavy-hexagonal lattice. The researchers investigated the relaxation dynamics of initially prepared product states under periodic driving in a kicked Ising model, measuring local magnetization to observe its subharmonic response. They identified a prethermal regime characterized by magnetization oscillations at twice the period of the Floquet cycle and demonstrated its robustness against perturbations to the transverse field. Their results provide evidence for the realization of a period-doubling discrete time crystal (DTC) in two dimensions. Additionally, they observed additional amplitude modulations in the magnetization with a period incommensurate with the driving period, leading to the emergence of DTQCs. These observations were validated through comparisons with tensor-network and state-vector simulations. The study highlights the potential of digital quantum computers for simulating the dynamics of quantum many-body systems, addressing challenges faced by state-of-the-art classical simulations. The researchers employed a simple error mitigation protocol based on a depolarizing noise model to validate their results, showing agreement with both tensor-network simulations of the 133-qubit system and state-vector simulations of a 28-qubit system for up to 50 time steps. They observed a subharmonic period-doubling response of local magnetization persisting for at least 100 time steps, confirming its stability against perturbations to the transverse field. Furthermore, they observed other longer-period subharmonic responses with frequencies incommensurate with the driving period, identified as DTQCs. The study also explores the Floquet dynamics of a kicked Ising model on an L-qubit system governed by a time-dependent Hamiltonian of period T. The researchers demonstrated the realization of clean DTCs on a two-dimensional heavy-hexagonal lattice of 133 qubits using the IBM Quantum Heron processor. They measured local magnetization to observe its subharmonic response and found that the envelope frequency of the longer-period DTQC oscillation increases proportionally to the perturbation to the transverse field. The study concludes that DTQCs manifest in a prethermal state persisting within the timescale 0 ≤ t/T ≤ 100 for a parameter range of 0.8π ≤ θ_x ≤ 0.9π and 0.25π ≤ θ_z ≤ π. The results demonstrate the potential of digital quantum computers for simulating out-of-equilibrium quantum dynamics in two dimensions.This study reports the experimental realization of clean two-dimensional discrete time quasicrystals (DTQCs) on a digital quantum computer using the IBM Quantum Heron processor, ibm_torino, which contains 133 superconducting qubits arranged on a heavy-hexagonal lattice. The researchers investigated the relaxation dynamics of initially prepared product states under periodic driving in a kicked Ising model, measuring local magnetization to observe its subharmonic response. They identified a prethermal regime characterized by magnetization oscillations at twice the period of the Floquet cycle and demonstrated its robustness against perturbations to the transverse field. Their results provide evidence for the realization of a period-doubling discrete time crystal (DTC) in two dimensions. Additionally, they observed additional amplitude modulations in the magnetization with a period incommensurate with the driving period, leading to the emergence of DTQCs. These observations were validated through comparisons with tensor-network and state-vector simulations. The study highlights the potential of digital quantum computers for simulating the dynamics of quantum many-body systems, addressing challenges faced by state-of-the-art classical simulations. The researchers employed a simple error mitigation protocol based on a depolarizing noise model to validate their results, showing agreement with both tensor-network simulations of the 133-qubit system and state-vector simulations of a 28-qubit system for up to 50 time steps. They observed a subharmonic period-doubling response of local magnetization persisting for at least 100 time steps, confirming its stability against perturbations to the transverse field. Furthermore, they observed other longer-period subharmonic responses with frequencies incommensurate with the driving period, identified as DTQCs. The study also explores the Floquet dynamics of a kicked Ising model on an L-qubit system governed by a time-dependent Hamiltonian of period T. The researchers demonstrated the realization of clean DTCs on a two-dimensional heavy-hexagonal lattice of 133 qubits using the IBM Quantum Heron processor. They measured local magnetization to observe its subharmonic response and found that the envelope frequency of the longer-period DTQC oscillation increases proportionally to the perturbation to the transverse field. The study concludes that DTQCs manifest in a prethermal state persisting within the timescale 0 ≤ t/T ≤ 100 for a parameter range of 0.8π ≤ θ_x ≤ 0.9π and 0.25π ≤ θ_z ≤ π. The results demonstrate the potential of digital quantum computers for simulating out-of-equilibrium quantum dynamics in two dimensions.
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Understanding Unveiling clean two-dimensional discrete time quasicrystals on a digital quantum computer