Urban green spaces significantly impact environmental health by enhancing biodiversity, improving air quality, regulating temperature, and promoting mental and physical well-being. This global review highlights their multifaceted role in sustainable urban development. Urban green spaces serve as habitats for diverse flora and fauna, supporting biodiversity and ecological balance. They act as natural air purifiers, reducing pollutants through photosynthesis and evapotranspiration, which also helps mitigate the urban heat island effect. These spaces provide shade and cooling, creating more comfortable urban environments. Additionally, they contribute to mental and physical health by offering recreational areas for exercise, relaxation, and social interaction, fostering community engagement and social cohesion. Urban green spaces are essential for sustainable urban planning, as they enhance environmental quality, support biodiversity, and improve the overall well-being of urban residents. The review emphasizes the need for integrating green spaces into urban development to ensure a balance between human activities and environmental conservation. Continued investment in urban green spaces is crucial for creating healthier, more sustainable cities.Urban green spaces significantly impact environmental health by enhancing biodiversity, improving air quality, regulating temperature, and promoting mental and physical well-being. This global review highlights their multifaceted role in sustainable urban development. Urban green spaces serve as habitats for diverse flora and fauna, supporting biodiversity and ecological balance. They act as natural air purifiers, reducing pollutants through photosynthesis and evapotranspiration, which also helps mitigate the urban heat island effect. These spaces provide shade and cooling, creating more comfortable urban environments. Additionally, they contribute to mental and physical health by offering recreational areas for exercise, relaxation, and social interaction, fostering community engagement and social cohesion. Urban green spaces are essential for sustainable urban planning, as they enhance environmental quality, support biodiversity, and improve the overall well-being of urban residents. The review emphasizes the need for integrating green spaces into urban development to ensure a balance between human activities and environmental conservation. Continued investment in urban green spaces is crucial for creating healthier, more sustainable cities.