This paper examines the impacts of urbanization on food and farming, highlighting the increasing urban population and the declining ratio of food producers to consumers. Urbanization, driven by economic growth and industrialization, has met the demands of a growing urban population, but this has led to undernutrition among many urban dwellers. The key issues are whether the changing demands for agricultural products can be sustained while promoting agricultural prosperity and reducing poverty. The paper also addresses the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and build resilience against climate change impacts. It focuses on low- and middle-income nations, which have the majority of the world's urban population and face pressing food security challenges. The paper discusses the scale and distribution of urbanization, the economic drivers, and the implications for food production, including the loss of agricultural land, dietary changes, and the role of urban agriculture. It also explores the linkages between urban and rural areas, the impact of climate change, and the vulnerability of urban populations to climate-related risks.This paper examines the impacts of urbanization on food and farming, highlighting the increasing urban population and the declining ratio of food producers to consumers. Urbanization, driven by economic growth and industrialization, has met the demands of a growing urban population, but this has led to undernutrition among many urban dwellers. The key issues are whether the changing demands for agricultural products can be sustained while promoting agricultural prosperity and reducing poverty. The paper also addresses the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and build resilience against climate change impacts. It focuses on low- and middle-income nations, which have the majority of the world's urban population and face pressing food security challenges. The paper discusses the scale and distribution of urbanization, the economic drivers, and the implications for food production, including the loss of agricultural land, dietary changes, and the role of urban agriculture. It also explores the linkages between urban and rural areas, the impact of climate change, and the vulnerability of urban populations to climate-related risks.