This study investigates the contribution of Raman spectroscopy in assessing cadmium toxicity on marine mussels (Mytilus edulis). Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive and non-invasive technique that uses photons interacting with molecular bonds to produce a spectrum representing the chemical composition of a sample. The study applies chemometric methods to analyze Raman spectra for evaluating the health status of mussels exposed to cadmium. The study involved three control tanks and three tanks each with 50 and 500 µg/L cadmium exposure. Raman spectra were recorded using a Senterra II Bruker system, with pre-processing steps including baseline correction and normalization. The results showed that mussels exposed to cadmium could be separated from control mussels using principal component analysis (PCA). The main Raman bands affected by cadmium exposure were those corresponding to proteins and lipids, consistent with cadmium toxicity. Cadmium is a non-essential metal that causes cellular damage by suppressing antioxidant enzymes and increasing lipid peroxidation. The study highlights the potential of Raman spectroscopy in monitoring cadmium toxicity, but further validation with biomarkers such as lipid peroxidation, metallothionein, and superoxide dismutase is needed. The study was supported by the French National Research Agency and conducted within the Spectrobs project. The research was coordinated by Dr. Aurore Zalouk-Vergnoux and supported by several researchers including Dr. Omar Dib, Alexia Pean, Dr. Ali Assaf, and Pr. Gérald Thouand. The findings suggest that Raman spectroscopy can be a valuable tool for assessing cadmium toxicity in marine organisms.This study investigates the contribution of Raman spectroscopy in assessing cadmium toxicity on marine mussels (Mytilus edulis). Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive and non-invasive technique that uses photons interacting with molecular bonds to produce a spectrum representing the chemical composition of a sample. The study applies chemometric methods to analyze Raman spectra for evaluating the health status of mussels exposed to cadmium. The study involved three control tanks and three tanks each with 50 and 500 µg/L cadmium exposure. Raman spectra were recorded using a Senterra II Bruker system, with pre-processing steps including baseline correction and normalization. The results showed that mussels exposed to cadmium could be separated from control mussels using principal component analysis (PCA). The main Raman bands affected by cadmium exposure were those corresponding to proteins and lipids, consistent with cadmium toxicity. Cadmium is a non-essential metal that causes cellular damage by suppressing antioxidant enzymes and increasing lipid peroxidation. The study highlights the potential of Raman spectroscopy in monitoring cadmium toxicity, but further validation with biomarkers such as lipid peroxidation, metallothionein, and superoxide dismutase is needed. The study was supported by the French National Research Agency and conducted within the Spectrobs project. The research was coordinated by Dr. Aurore Zalouk-Vergnoux and supported by several researchers including Dr. Omar Dib, Alexia Pean, Dr. Ali Assaf, and Pr. Gérald Thouand. The findings suggest that Raman spectroscopy can be a valuable tool for assessing cadmium toxicity in marine organisms.