This study compares coping strategies and adjustment to chronic musculoskeletal pain in Portuguese and U.S. patients. It examines the associations between pain coping and physical/psychological functioning, using translated versions of the Chronic Pain Coping Inventory (CPCI) and Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ). The study found statistically significant positive associations between pain intensity and coping strategies like catastrophizing, praying/hoping, guarding, and asking for assistance. Negative associations were found between pain interference and coping strategies like ignoring sensations and coping self-statements. The results suggest cultural differences in how people cope with pain, with some coping strategies showing different associations in Portuguese and U.S. samples. The study supports the reliability and validity of the translated CPCI and CSQ, and indicates that while some coping strategies are consistently associated with pain and functioning across cultures, others may vary. The findings highlight the importance of considering cultural differences when developing pain treatment programs. The study also notes limitations, including the use of self-report measures and differences in criterion measures between the samples. Overall, the study provides preliminary support for the validity of the Portuguese versions of the CPCI and CSQ, and suggests that many relationships found in U.S. samples may replicate in Portuguese patients with chronic pain.This study compares coping strategies and adjustment to chronic musculoskeletal pain in Portuguese and U.S. patients. It examines the associations between pain coping and physical/psychological functioning, using translated versions of the Chronic Pain Coping Inventory (CPCI) and Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ). The study found statistically significant positive associations between pain intensity and coping strategies like catastrophizing, praying/hoping, guarding, and asking for assistance. Negative associations were found between pain interference and coping strategies like ignoring sensations and coping self-statements. The results suggest cultural differences in how people cope with pain, with some coping strategies showing different associations in Portuguese and U.S. samples. The study supports the reliability and validity of the translated CPCI and CSQ, and indicates that while some coping strategies are consistently associated with pain and functioning across cultures, others may vary. The findings highlight the importance of considering cultural differences when developing pain treatment programs. The study also notes limitations, including the use of self-report measures and differences in criterion measures between the samples. Overall, the study provides preliminary support for the validity of the Portuguese versions of the CPCI and CSQ, and suggests that many relationships found in U.S. samples may replicate in Portuguese patients with chronic pain.