The article by de Groot and Steg (2008) explores the distinction between three value orientations—egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric—that may influence beliefs and intentions related to environmentally significant behavior (ESB). The study presents three empirical studies to examine whether these value orientations can be distinguished and how they relate to environmental beliefs and intentions. The authors propose a value instrument based on Schwartz's value theory, which includes 12 items measuring the three value orientations. The results support the reliability and validity of the instrument, showing that the three value orientations can be clearly distinguished. The studies also reveal that altruistic and biospheric values are strongly correlated but can be distinguished from each other. The findings suggest that these value orientations are related to environmental concern, beliefs, and intentions. The study concludes that the value instrument is a useful tool for understanding the relationship between values, beliefs, and intentions related to ESB. The results support the distinction between the three value orientations and suggest that they provide a distinct basis for environmental beliefs and intentions. The study also highlights the importance of further research to validate the instrument and explore the unique contributions of each value orientation to environmental beliefs and intentions.The article by de Groot and Steg (2008) explores the distinction between three value orientations—egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric—that may influence beliefs and intentions related to environmentally significant behavior (ESB). The study presents three empirical studies to examine whether these value orientations can be distinguished and how they relate to environmental beliefs and intentions. The authors propose a value instrument based on Schwartz's value theory, which includes 12 items measuring the three value orientations. The results support the reliability and validity of the instrument, showing that the three value orientations can be clearly distinguished. The studies also reveal that altruistic and biospheric values are strongly correlated but can be distinguished from each other. The findings suggest that these value orientations are related to environmental concern, beliefs, and intentions. The study concludes that the value instrument is a useful tool for understanding the relationship between values, beliefs, and intentions related to ESB. The results support the distinction between the three value orientations and suggest that they provide a distinct basis for environmental beliefs and intentions. The study also highlights the importance of further research to validate the instrument and explore the unique contributions of each value orientation to environmental beliefs and intentions.