This umbrella review examines the impact of immersive Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies on medical education and training, comparing their effectiveness to traditional methods or no intervention. The study adheres to PRISMA guidelines and the PICOS approach, systematically searching major databases for relevant studies. A total of 28 studies were included, with VR being the most frequently studied technology. The analysis revealed a positive trend towards improved educational outcomes, particularly in performance and engagement, but the statistical analysis did not show a significant association between the type of technology and the observed effects. The review highlights the potential of VR and AR in enhancing medical training but calls for more rigorous, larger-scale studies to establish definitive evidence of their efficacy. The authors also discuss the ethical considerations and cost implications of implementing these technologies in medical education.This umbrella review examines the impact of immersive Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) technologies on medical education and training, comparing their effectiveness to traditional methods or no intervention. The study adheres to PRISMA guidelines and the PICOS approach, systematically searching major databases for relevant studies. A total of 28 studies were included, with VR being the most frequently studied technology. The analysis revealed a positive trend towards improved educational outcomes, particularly in performance and engagement, but the statistical analysis did not show a significant association between the type of technology and the observed effects. The review highlights the potential of VR and AR in enhancing medical training but calls for more rigorous, larger-scale studies to establish definitive evidence of their efficacy. The authors also discuss the ethical considerations and cost implications of implementing these technologies in medical education.