The article provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and pathways involved in virus entry into host cells. It highlights the importance of understanding these processes for developing strategies to prevent viral infections. The text discusses the role of virus particles as vehicles for targeted gene transfer, the interaction between viruses and host cell receptors, and the cellular signaling pathways activated during viral entry. It also explores the different endocytic pathways used by viruses, including clathrin-mediated and caveolar/raft pathways, and the role of pH and proteases in viral penetration. The article further examines virus transmission through cell-free and cell-to-cell routes, the formation of infectious synapses, and viral restriction factors that limit viral replication. Finally, it outlines future perspectives on identifying and targeting specific endocytic mechanisms to inhibit viral entry.The article provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms and pathways involved in virus entry into host cells. It highlights the importance of understanding these processes for developing strategies to prevent viral infections. The text discusses the role of virus particles as vehicles for targeted gene transfer, the interaction between viruses and host cell receptors, and the cellular signaling pathways activated during viral entry. It also explores the different endocytic pathways used by viruses, including clathrin-mediated and caveolar/raft pathways, and the role of pH and proteases in viral penetration. The article further examines virus transmission through cell-free and cell-to-cell routes, the formation of infectious synapses, and viral restriction factors that limit viral replication. Finally, it outlines future perspectives on identifying and targeting specific endocytic mechanisms to inhibit viral entry.