Visual Simulation of Smoke

Visual Simulation of Smoke

| Ronald Fedkiw, Jos Stam, Henrik Wann Jensen
This paper presents a new approach for simulating smoke in computer graphics. The method uses the inviscid Euler equations, which are more suitable for gas modeling and less computationally intensive than the viscous Navier-Stokes equations. The approach also introduces a physically consistent vorticity confinement term to model small-scale rolling features of smoke that are often missing in coarse grid simulations. The model is stable, fast, and avoids excessive numerical dissipation, allowing for realistic smoke simulations on relatively coarse grids. The method uses a semi-Lagrangian integration scheme and a pressure-Poisson equation to ensure stability. A vorticity confinement technique is applied to add back the energy lost due to numerical dissipation, promoting the passive rolling of smoke. The model also handles interactions with moving objects and uses a higher-order interpolation technique to improve flow quality. The paper also discusses the equations of fluid flow, the implementation of the model, and the rendering of smoke simulations. The results show that the model produces realistic smoke simulations with high quality and efficiency. The paper concludes that the model is ideal for computer graphics applications where visual detail and speed are crucial. The model is also extended to handle other phenomena such as fire.This paper presents a new approach for simulating smoke in computer graphics. The method uses the inviscid Euler equations, which are more suitable for gas modeling and less computationally intensive than the viscous Navier-Stokes equations. The approach also introduces a physically consistent vorticity confinement term to model small-scale rolling features of smoke that are often missing in coarse grid simulations. The model is stable, fast, and avoids excessive numerical dissipation, allowing for realistic smoke simulations on relatively coarse grids. The method uses a semi-Lagrangian integration scheme and a pressure-Poisson equation to ensure stability. A vorticity confinement technique is applied to add back the energy lost due to numerical dissipation, promoting the passive rolling of smoke. The model also handles interactions with moving objects and uses a higher-order interpolation technique to improve flow quality. The paper also discusses the equations of fluid flow, the implementation of the model, and the rendering of smoke simulations. The results show that the model produces realistic smoke simulations with high quality and efficiency. The paper concludes that the model is ideal for computer graphics applications where visual detail and speed are crucial. The model is also extended to handle other phenomena such as fire.
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