The article "Vitiligo: From Pathogenesis to Treatment" by Reinhart Speeckaert, Elise Van Caelenberg, Arno Belpaire, Marijn M. Speeckaert, and Nanja van Geel provides an in-depth review of the current understanding and treatment options for vitiligo. The authors highlight the recent advances in understanding the immune-mediated mechanisms leading to depigmentation, particularly in both non-segmental and segmental vitiligo. They emphasize the role of cytotoxic T cells and the JAK-STAT pathway in the destruction of melanocytes, with IFN-γ being a crucial cytokine. The article also discusses the differences between non-segmental and segmental vitiligo, noting that segmental vitiligo is often localized and may be due to somatic mosaicism. Immunomodulatory therapies, especially those targeting the JAK-IFNγ pathway, are highlighted as promising treatments, offering effective inhibition of melanocyte destruction. However, the authors caution that optimal results can take several months to years, and the influence of environmental UV exposure on repigmentation remains underexplored. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for further research into alternative melanocyte stimulants and the development of personalized and comprehensive treatment protocols.The article "Vitiligo: From Pathogenesis to Treatment" by Reinhart Speeckaert, Elise Van Caelenberg, Arno Belpaire, Marijn M. Speeckaert, and Nanja van Geel provides an in-depth review of the current understanding and treatment options for vitiligo. The authors highlight the recent advances in understanding the immune-mediated mechanisms leading to depigmentation, particularly in both non-segmental and segmental vitiligo. They emphasize the role of cytotoxic T cells and the JAK-STAT pathway in the destruction of melanocytes, with IFN-γ being a crucial cytokine. The article also discusses the differences between non-segmental and segmental vitiligo, noting that segmental vitiligo is often localized and may be due to somatic mosaicism. Immunomodulatory therapies, especially those targeting the JAK-IFNγ pathway, are highlighted as promising treatments, offering effective inhibition of melanocyte destruction. However, the authors caution that optimal results can take several months to years, and the influence of environmental UV exposure on repigmentation remains underexplored. The article concludes by emphasizing the need for further research into alternative melanocyte stimulants and the development of personalized and comprehensive treatment protocols.