The World Health Organization (WHO) has published updated guidelines for the care of preterm or low-birth-weight infants, aiming to improve their survival, growth, and neurological development. These guidelines are based on the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development and were translated into German by staff at the WHO Collaborating Centre at the Danube University Krems, Austria. The guidelines include 11 strong and 14 conditional recommendations, covering 16 preventive and promotional measures, 6 recommendations for managing complications, and 3 for family involvement and support. Key recommendations include: - **Kangaroo Mother Care**: Early, continuous, and long-term skin-to-skin contact between the baby and mother, including exclusive breastfeeding. - **Early Feeding**: Early initiation of breastfeeding or formula feeding, ideally within the first hour after birth. - **Supplemental Nutrients**: Iron, zinc, vitamin D, vitamin A, and probiotics may be considered for infants not receiving adequate nutrition from breast milk. - **Complication Management**: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) for acute respiratory distress syndrome, caffeine for apnea, and other interventions for specific conditions. - **Family Involvement**: Family participation in routine care and support during hospitalization and follow-up. The guidelines emphasize the importance of family involvement and provide recommendations for maternity leave and parental responsibilities to support the well-being of both the infants and their families. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.The World Health Organization (WHO) has published updated guidelines for the care of preterm or low-birth-weight infants, aiming to improve their survival, growth, and neurological development. These guidelines are based on the WHO Handbook for Guideline Development and were translated into German by staff at the WHO Collaborating Centre at the Danube University Krems, Austria. The guidelines include 11 strong and 14 conditional recommendations, covering 16 preventive and promotional measures, 6 recommendations for managing complications, and 3 for family involvement and support. Key recommendations include: - **Kangaroo Mother Care**: Early, continuous, and long-term skin-to-skin contact between the baby and mother, including exclusive breastfeeding. - **Early Feeding**: Early initiation of breastfeeding or formula feeding, ideally within the first hour after birth. - **Supplemental Nutrients**: Iron, zinc, vitamin D, vitamin A, and probiotics may be considered for infants not receiving adequate nutrition from breast milk. - **Complication Management**: Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) for acute respiratory distress syndrome, caffeine for apnea, and other interventions for specific conditions. - **Family Involvement**: Family participation in routine care and support during hospitalization and follow-up. The guidelines emphasize the importance of family involvement and provide recommendations for maternity leave and parental responsibilities to support the well-being of both the infants and their families. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.