The paper "Waste Mismanagement in Developing Countries: A Review of Global Issues" by Navarro Ferronato and Vincenzo Torretta examines the environmental and social impacts of solid waste mismanagement in developing countries. The authors focus on the main impacts of waste mismanagement, including environmental contamination and social issues, with a particular emphasis on the informal sector's role in waste scavenging. The review highlights that open dumping and open burning are common waste treatment and disposal systems in low-income countries, leading to pervasive environmental impacts such as marine litter, air, soil, and water contamination. The paper also discusses the health risks associated with waste scavenging and the challenges of integrating formal and informal waste management systems. It provides case studies from various regions, including Latin America, Africa, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and Oceania, to illustrate the global nature of these issues. The authors suggest that integrated assessments and holistic approaches are necessary to address the complex problems of waste management, and they propose specific solutions such as organic waste buyback programs, waste-to-energy initiatives, and the inclusion of waste pickers in formal waste management systems. The paper concludes with a critical discussion of current and future challenges and offers recommendations for improving environmental quality and sustainability.The paper "Waste Mismanagement in Developing Countries: A Review of Global Issues" by Navarro Ferronato and Vincenzo Torretta examines the environmental and social impacts of solid waste mismanagement in developing countries. The authors focus on the main impacts of waste mismanagement, including environmental contamination and social issues, with a particular emphasis on the informal sector's role in waste scavenging. The review highlights that open dumping and open burning are common waste treatment and disposal systems in low-income countries, leading to pervasive environmental impacts such as marine litter, air, soil, and water contamination. The paper also discusses the health risks associated with waste scavenging and the challenges of integrating formal and informal waste management systems. It provides case studies from various regions, including Latin America, Africa, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, Asia, and Oceania, to illustrate the global nature of these issues. The authors suggest that integrated assessments and holistic approaches are necessary to address the complex problems of waste management, and they propose specific solutions such as organic waste buyback programs, waste-to-energy initiatives, and the inclusion of waste pickers in formal waste management systems. The paper concludes with a critical discussion of current and future challenges and offers recommendations for improving environmental quality and sustainability.