The article reviews the research on water-stable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their applications in carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture. Water-stable MOFs are crucial for practical applications due to the presence of water vapor in various environments. Strategies to enhance water stability include increasing the bonding strength of building units and introducing hydrophobic units. Many water-stable MOFs have been developed for CO₂ capture in scenarios such as flue gas decarbonization, direct air capture, and purified natural gas. The review covers the design and synthesis of water-stable MOFs, their thermodynamic and kinetic stability, and their applications. It also discusses the challenges faced in these areas and highlights the importance of water stability for MOFs' practical use.The article reviews the research on water-stable metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and their applications in carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture. Water-stable MOFs are crucial for practical applications due to the presence of water vapor in various environments. Strategies to enhance water stability include increasing the bonding strength of building units and introducing hydrophobic units. Many water-stable MOFs have been developed for CO₂ capture in scenarios such as flue gas decarbonization, direct air capture, and purified natural gas. The review covers the design and synthesis of water-stable MOFs, their thermodynamic and kinetic stability, and their applications. It also discusses the challenges faced in these areas and highlights the importance of water stability for MOFs' practical use.