The paper reviews the impacts of climate change on water resources and proposes solutions for sustainable management. Climate change affects water resources through reduced rainfall, increased temperatures, and higher evapotranspiration, leading to water scarcity, droughts, and changes in water quality. The review analyzes 134 papers from five continents, highlighting the need for integrated water resource management, political direction, policy changes, increased knowledge, and new technologies. Nature-based solutions are emphasized as innovative approaches to address climate change and its impacts. The paper also discusses the importance of ecosystem services and the role of stakeholders in water resource management. For Italy, the authors suggest that nature-based solutions and integrated water resource management are crucial for addressing water scarcity and floods. The paper concludes that a holistic approach, involving all stakeholders and focusing on ecosystem services, is essential for sustainable water resource management under climate change.The paper reviews the impacts of climate change on water resources and proposes solutions for sustainable management. Climate change affects water resources through reduced rainfall, increased temperatures, and higher evapotranspiration, leading to water scarcity, droughts, and changes in water quality. The review analyzes 134 papers from five continents, highlighting the need for integrated water resource management, political direction, policy changes, increased knowledge, and new technologies. Nature-based solutions are emphasized as innovative approaches to address climate change and its impacts. The paper also discusses the importance of ecosystem services and the role of stakeholders in water resource management. For Italy, the authors suggest that nature-based solutions and integrated water resource management are crucial for addressing water scarcity and floods. The paper concludes that a holistic approach, involving all stakeholders and focusing on ecosystem services, is essential for sustainable water resource management under climate change.