This review discusses the development and challenges of smart textiles and wearable electronics. Smart textiles are fabrics integrated with electronic components and interconnections, offering flexibility and adaptability to various applications. They can sense and respond to environmental and user inputs, making them useful for health monitoring, sports, and other fields. The review highlights recent advancements in materials and manufacturing processes for smart textiles, emphasizing the trade-offs between flexibility, ergonomics, power consumption, and integration. Smart textiles can be categorized into passive, active, and very smart textiles. Passive textiles sense the environment, active textiles react to stimuli, and very smart textiles adapt to their surroundings. Sensors in smart textiles provide a nervous system for detecting signals, while actuators respond to these signals. Fabric-based sensors can detect physiological signals like ECG, EMG, and EEG, and are used in biomedical and safety applications. Conductive fibers, treated conductive fibers, and conductive inks are key materials in smart textiles. Conductive fibers can be used in textiles for electronic functions, while treated conductive fibers involve coating fibers with metals or conductive polymers. Conductive inks allow for the printing of electrical circuits on textiles, enabling flexible and wearable electronics. The review also discusses the challenges in power supply for wearable electronics, with a focus on energy harvesting and portable power systems. Technologies such as piezoelectric materials, photovoltaic cells, and flexible solar cells are explored for generating power from body movements and environmental sources. Wearable antennas are essential for communication in smart textiles, requiring flexible and conformable materials. The design of these antennas must consider factors like thickness, weight, and durability to ensure effective performance. The review concludes with a discussion on the materials and methods used in smart textiles, highlighting the importance of balancing conductivity, flexibility, and other properties to meet the demands of wearable electronics. The integration of these technologies into everyday clothing is a key goal, aiming to create seamless and functional electronic systems that enhance user experience and functionality.This review discusses the development and challenges of smart textiles and wearable electronics. Smart textiles are fabrics integrated with electronic components and interconnections, offering flexibility and adaptability to various applications. They can sense and respond to environmental and user inputs, making them useful for health monitoring, sports, and other fields. The review highlights recent advancements in materials and manufacturing processes for smart textiles, emphasizing the trade-offs between flexibility, ergonomics, power consumption, and integration. Smart textiles can be categorized into passive, active, and very smart textiles. Passive textiles sense the environment, active textiles react to stimuli, and very smart textiles adapt to their surroundings. Sensors in smart textiles provide a nervous system for detecting signals, while actuators respond to these signals. Fabric-based sensors can detect physiological signals like ECG, EMG, and EEG, and are used in biomedical and safety applications. Conductive fibers, treated conductive fibers, and conductive inks are key materials in smart textiles. Conductive fibers can be used in textiles for electronic functions, while treated conductive fibers involve coating fibers with metals or conductive polymers. Conductive inks allow for the printing of electrical circuits on textiles, enabling flexible and wearable electronics. The review also discusses the challenges in power supply for wearable electronics, with a focus on energy harvesting and portable power systems. Technologies such as piezoelectric materials, photovoltaic cells, and flexible solar cells are explored for generating power from body movements and environmental sources. Wearable antennas are essential for communication in smart textiles, requiring flexible and conformable materials. The design of these antennas must consider factors like thickness, weight, and durability to ensure effective performance. The review concludes with a discussion on the materials and methods used in smart textiles, highlighting the importance of balancing conductivity, flexibility, and other properties to meet the demands of wearable electronics. The integration of these technologies into everyday clothing is a key goal, aiming to create seamless and functional electronic systems that enhance user experience and functionality.