Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) is a framework that integrates technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge for effective teaching. It builds on Lee Shulman's concept of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) by adding technology knowledge. TPACK is essential for effective teaching with technology, as it requires flexible knowledge to integrate technology into instruction. Teaching is a complex, ill-structured activity that involves combining content, pedagogical, and technological knowledge. The interaction of these three domains produces the flexible knowledge needed to successfully use technology in teaching. TPACK is a complex interaction among content, pedagogy, and technology, and it requires understanding how these elements interact in theory and practice. The framework emphasizes the importance of considering the nature of technology (both analog and digital) and how its inclusion in pedagogy complicates teaching. TPACK has gained international recognition and is used in various educational contexts. It has led to the development of professional guidelines and resources for educators. The framework highlights the need for educators to develop a deep understanding of content, pedagogy, and technology, as well as their interrelationships. TPACK also emphasizes the importance of context in teaching, as the use of technology varies depending on the teaching environment. The framework encourages educators to think critically about how technology can be used to enhance teaching and learning, and to develop flexible, context-sensitive approaches to integrating technology into instruction. TPACK is a dynamic and evolving framework that continues to be refined and expanded through research and practice.Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) is a framework that integrates technology, pedagogy, and content knowledge for effective teaching. It builds on Lee Shulman's concept of Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) by adding technology knowledge. TPACK is essential for effective teaching with technology, as it requires flexible knowledge to integrate technology into instruction. Teaching is a complex, ill-structured activity that involves combining content, pedagogical, and technological knowledge. The interaction of these three domains produces the flexible knowledge needed to successfully use technology in teaching. TPACK is a complex interaction among content, pedagogy, and technology, and it requires understanding how these elements interact in theory and practice. The framework emphasizes the importance of considering the nature of technology (both analog and digital) and how its inclusion in pedagogy complicates teaching. TPACK has gained international recognition and is used in various educational contexts. It has led to the development of professional guidelines and resources for educators. The framework highlights the need for educators to develop a deep understanding of content, pedagogy, and technology, as well as their interrelationships. TPACK also emphasizes the importance of context in teaching, as the use of technology varies depending on the teaching environment. The framework encourages educators to think critically about how technology can be used to enhance teaching and learning, and to develop flexible, context-sensitive approaches to integrating technology into instruction. TPACK is a dynamic and evolving framework that continues to be refined and expanded through research and practice.