The article provides a comprehensive review of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, covering its origin, composition, function, and clinical implications. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is crucial for embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis, and its deregulation is associated with various diseases, including cancer and non-cancer conditions. The pathway consists of four segments: extracellular signal, membrane segment, cytoplasmic segment, and nuclear segment. Key components include Wnt proteins, Frizzled (FZD) receptors, LRP5/6 coreceptors, β-catenin, DVL, AXIN, APC, GSK-3β, CK-1α, and TCF/LEF transcription factors. The article discusses the roles of these components in the pathway's activation and regulation, as well as the involvement of noncoding RNAs and novel regulators like Twa1, FOXKs, ICAT, and Kdm2a/b. The review also explores the Wnt/β-catenin pathway's role in non-cancer diseases such as lung, cardiovascular, bone, and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.The article provides a comprehensive review of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, covering its origin, composition, function, and clinical implications. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway is crucial for embryonic development and adult tissue homeostasis, and its deregulation is associated with various diseases, including cancer and non-cancer conditions. The pathway consists of four segments: extracellular signal, membrane segment, cytoplasmic segment, and nuclear segment. Key components include Wnt proteins, Frizzled (FZD) receptors, LRP5/6 coreceptors, β-catenin, DVL, AXIN, APC, GSK-3β, CK-1α, and TCF/LEF transcription factors. The article discusses the roles of these components in the pathway's activation and regulation, as well as the involvement of noncoding RNAs and novel regulators like Twa1, FOXKs, ICAT, and Kdm2a/b. The review also explores the Wnt/β-catenin pathway's role in non-cancer diseases such as lung, cardiovascular, bone, and neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target.