Wnt signaling is a highly conserved pathway critical for animal development and adult tissue maintenance. Recent studies have revealed the complexity of Wnt signaling, involving multiple extracellular, cytoplasmic, and nuclear components, as well as receptor-ligand specificity and feedback loops. Wnt signals are essential for adult tissue maintenance and are implicated in various diseases, including cancer and degenerative disorders. Wnt proteins are secreted and act through a complex pathway involving Frizzled (Fz) receptors and the LDL receptor-related protein (LRP). The Wnt signaling pathway is regulated by β-catenin, which is normally phosphorylated and degraded by kinases such as GSK-3 and Casein Kinase. Activation of Wnt signaling inhibits β-catenin phosphorylation, leading to its accumulation in the nucleus where it interacts with TCF/LEF transcription factors to regulate gene expression. Mutations in Wnt signaling components are associated with diseases such as Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) and various cancers. The Wnt pathway also plays a role in stem cell maintenance and proliferation. Recent research has elucidated the structure and function of Wnt signaling components, including the degradation complex and interactions with transcription factors. Wnt signaling is a fundamental regulator of development and disease, and understanding its mechanisms may lead to new therapeutic strategies for diseases involving Wnt signaling.Wnt signaling is a highly conserved pathway critical for animal development and adult tissue maintenance. Recent studies have revealed the complexity of Wnt signaling, involving multiple extracellular, cytoplasmic, and nuclear components, as well as receptor-ligand specificity and feedback loops. Wnt signals are essential for adult tissue maintenance and are implicated in various diseases, including cancer and degenerative disorders. Wnt proteins are secreted and act through a complex pathway involving Frizzled (Fz) receptors and the LDL receptor-related protein (LRP). The Wnt signaling pathway is regulated by β-catenin, which is normally phosphorylated and degraded by kinases such as GSK-3 and Casein Kinase. Activation of Wnt signaling inhibits β-catenin phosphorylation, leading to its accumulation in the nucleus where it interacts with TCF/LEF transcription factors to regulate gene expression. Mutations in Wnt signaling components are associated with diseases such as Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) and various cancers. The Wnt pathway also plays a role in stem cell maintenance and proliferation. Recent research has elucidated the structure and function of Wnt signaling components, including the degradation complex and interactions with transcription factors. Wnt signaling is a fundamental regulator of development and disease, and understanding its mechanisms may lead to new therapeutic strategies for diseases involving Wnt signaling.