This paper conducts a systematic review of methodologies for monitoring and analyzing physical and cognitive ergonomics in the context of Industry 5.0, a paradigm that emphasizes the integration of advanced technologies with human-centric values. The review addresses three main research questions: (1) which technologies are used to assess workers' physical and cognitive well-being, (2) how acquired data are processed, and (3) what purposes these assessments serve. The analysis follows the PRISMA 2020 statement guidelines, focusing on sixty-five articles. Key findings include the prevalence of wearable inertial measurement units and RGB-D cameras for physical monitoring, and cardiac activity as the most adopted physiological parameter for cognitive ergonomics. The study highlights the importance of multi-modal systems and practical applications in real industrial settings, emphasizing the need for future research to develop more sophisticated and versatile solutions. The review also provides insights into the strengths and weaknesses of current solutions, offering valuable information for both academic researchers and industry practitioners.This paper conducts a systematic review of methodologies for monitoring and analyzing physical and cognitive ergonomics in the context of Industry 5.0, a paradigm that emphasizes the integration of advanced technologies with human-centric values. The review addresses three main research questions: (1) which technologies are used to assess workers' physical and cognitive well-being, (2) how acquired data are processed, and (3) what purposes these assessments serve. The analysis follows the PRISMA 2020 statement guidelines, focusing on sixty-five articles. Key findings include the prevalence of wearable inertial measurement units and RGB-D cameras for physical monitoring, and cardiac activity as the most adopted physiological parameter for cognitive ergonomics. The study highlights the importance of multi-modal systems and practical applications in real industrial settings, emphasizing the need for future research to develop more sophisticated and versatile solutions. The review also provides insights into the strengths and weaknesses of current solutions, offering valuable information for both academic researchers and industry practitioners.