This study investigates the influence of landscape and time of year on bat-wind turbine collision risks. The authors used acoustic monitoring to collect data on bat activity and vertical distribution at 48 wind masts in France and Belgium over 8,435 nights. They modeled bat density and vertical distribution for six species in relation to distance to water, woodland, and buildings, as well as topography at three scales (200 m, 1,000 m, and 5,000 m). The results show that the proportion of flights at heights with collision risk was highest in spring and autumn and lowest in summer for three species. The landscape had a stronger effect on bat density than on bat vertical distribution. The study concludes that positioning wind farms away from woodland should reduce the density and therefore the collision risks of low-flying species, but may be less effective for high-flying species. The effect of topography was stronger at larger scales and was complex, suggesting that studying situations like coastlines or mountain passes could provide more insights.This study investigates the influence of landscape and time of year on bat-wind turbine collision risks. The authors used acoustic monitoring to collect data on bat activity and vertical distribution at 48 wind masts in France and Belgium over 8,435 nights. They modeled bat density and vertical distribution for six species in relation to distance to water, woodland, and buildings, as well as topography at three scales (200 m, 1,000 m, and 5,000 m). The results show that the proportion of flights at heights with collision risk was highest in spring and autumn and lowest in summer for three species. The landscape had a stronger effect on bat density than on bat vertical distribution. The study concludes that positioning wind farms away from woodland should reduce the density and therefore the collision risks of low-flying species, but may be less effective for high-flying species. The effect of topography was stronger at larger scales and was complex, suggesting that studying situations like coastlines or mountain passes could provide more insights.