Wound healing is a complex process involving multiple cellular events that must be tightly coordinated to repair damaged tissue. Impairment in wound-linked cellular behaviors, often due to conditions like diabetes and aging, can lead to chronic, non-healing wounds, which are a significant socioeconomic burden. This review discusses the cellular basis of tissue repair and explores how current and emerging understanding of wound pathology can inform future therapeutic developments. The article covers the four main phases of wound repair: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and matrix remodeling. It highlights the roles of various cell types, such as platelets, neutrophils, macrophages, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, and their interactions during each phase. The review also addresses factors influencing chronic wound healing, including cellular senescence, excessive inflammation, impaired re-epithelialization, and dermal remodeling. Finally, it discusses translational techniques and current therapies for wound management, emphasizing the need for novel, effective treatments to address the challenges of chronic wounds.Wound healing is a complex process involving multiple cellular events that must be tightly coordinated to repair damaged tissue. Impairment in wound-linked cellular behaviors, often due to conditions like diabetes and aging, can lead to chronic, non-healing wounds, which are a significant socioeconomic burden. This review discusses the cellular basis of tissue repair and explores how current and emerging understanding of wound pathology can inform future therapeutic developments. The article covers the four main phases of wound repair: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and matrix remodeling. It highlights the roles of various cell types, such as platelets, neutrophils, macrophages, keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells, and their interactions during each phase. The review also addresses factors influencing chronic wound healing, including cellular senescence, excessive inflammation, impaired re-epithelialization, and dermal remodeling. Finally, it discusses translational techniques and current therapies for wound management, emphasizing the need for novel, effective treatments to address the challenges of chronic wounds.