This review article discusses the development and mechanisms of Zn-based batteries as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries for sustainable energy storage. Zn-based batteries offer advantages such as cost-effectiveness, enhanced safety, and favorable electrochemical performance. However, challenges such as limited discharging capacity, low operating voltage, low energy density, short cycle life, and complex energy storage mechanisms need to be addressed for large-scale practical applications. The article systematically summarizes various redox mechanisms in Zn-based batteries, including insertion-type, conversion-type, coordination-type, and catalysis-type mechanisms. It highlights design strategies aimed at improving the electrochemical performance of Zn-based batteries, focusing on output voltage, capacity, energy density, and cycle life. The review also discusses the challenges and future prospects of Zn-based batteries. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding energy storage mechanisms and exploring new reaction mechanisms to advance the design of high-performance Zn-based batteries. It also discusses the four types of redox mechanisms in Zn-based batteries, including insertion-type, conversion-type, coordination-type, and catalysis-type mechanisms. The review provides insights into the design strategies for achieving high performance in Zn-based batteries, including the use of advanced cathode materials, electrolyte optimization, and innovative battery configurations. The article also highlights the potential of Zn-based batteries in various applications, including energy storage, flexible batteries, and Zn-air batteries. The review concludes that Zn-based batteries have significant potential for practical applications due to their advantages in cost, safety, and energy density.This review article discusses the development and mechanisms of Zn-based batteries as a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries for sustainable energy storage. Zn-based batteries offer advantages such as cost-effectiveness, enhanced safety, and favorable electrochemical performance. However, challenges such as limited discharging capacity, low operating voltage, low energy density, short cycle life, and complex energy storage mechanisms need to be addressed for large-scale practical applications. The article systematically summarizes various redox mechanisms in Zn-based batteries, including insertion-type, conversion-type, coordination-type, and catalysis-type mechanisms. It highlights design strategies aimed at improving the electrochemical performance of Zn-based batteries, focusing on output voltage, capacity, energy density, and cycle life. The review also discusses the challenges and future prospects of Zn-based batteries. The article emphasizes the importance of understanding energy storage mechanisms and exploring new reaction mechanisms to advance the design of high-performance Zn-based batteries. It also discusses the four types of redox mechanisms in Zn-based batteries, including insertion-type, conversion-type, coordination-type, and catalysis-type mechanisms. The review provides insights into the design strategies for achieving high performance in Zn-based batteries, including the use of advanced cathode materials, electrolyte optimization, and innovative battery configurations. The article also highlights the potential of Zn-based batteries in various applications, including energy storage, flexible batteries, and Zn-air batteries. The review concludes that Zn-based batteries have significant potential for practical applications due to their advantages in cost, safety, and energy density.