miRTarBase is a curated database that compiles experimentally validated microRNA-target interactions (MTIs). The database has accumulated over 3500 MTIs, validated through reporter assays, western blot, or microarray experiments, involving 657 miRNAs and 2297 target genes across 17 species. miRTarBase is the largest collection of validated MTIs compared to other similar databases. The MTIs are collected by manually surveying relevant literature after systematic text-mining to filter research articles related to functional studies of miRNAs. The database provides a comprehensive resource for understanding miRNA functions under different conditions and in various species, and it is available at http://miRTarBase.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/. The database is regularly updated and includes various query interfaces and graphical visualization tools to facilitate access to MTI data. Future work aims to extend the collection of MTIs to other mammalian genomes based on evolutionary conservation.miRTarBase is a curated database that compiles experimentally validated microRNA-target interactions (MTIs). The database has accumulated over 3500 MTIs, validated through reporter assays, western blot, or microarray experiments, involving 657 miRNAs and 2297 target genes across 17 species. miRTarBase is the largest collection of validated MTIs compared to other similar databases. The MTIs are collected by manually surveying relevant literature after systematic text-mining to filter research articles related to functional studies of miRNAs. The database provides a comprehensive resource for understanding miRNA functions under different conditions and in various species, and it is available at http://miRTarBase.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/. The database is regularly updated and includes various query interfaces and graphical visualization tools to facilitate access to MTI data. Future work aims to extend the collection of MTIs to other mammalian genomes based on evolutionary conservation.